# Mossberg 590 Barrel Swap: The Ultimate Guide to Changing Your Shotgun’s Barrel
Are you looking to upgrade your Mossberg 590 shotgun by swapping out the barrel? Perhaps you want a shorter barrel for home defense, a longer one for hunting, or simply need to replace a damaged barrel. Whatever your reason, understanding the process of a Mossberg 590 barrel swap is crucial for safety and performance. This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know, from selecting the right barrel to performing the swap correctly, ensuring your Mossberg 590 remains a reliable and accurate firearm. We’ll delve into the nuances of barrel selection, compatibility, and the step-by-step procedures, drawing upon expert advice and years of hands-on experience with the Mossberg 590 platform. This guide will equip you with the knowledge to confidently and safely perform a **mossberg 590 barrel swap**.
## Understanding the Mossberg 590 Barrel Swap
The Mossberg 590 is a popular and versatile shotgun known for its reliability and adaptability. One of its key features is the ability to easily swap barrels, allowing users to customize the shotgun for different purposes. A **mossberg 590 barrel swap** involves removing the existing barrel and replacing it with another, often to change the barrel length, gauge (if applicable), or choke system. Understanding the intricacies of this process is paramount for any Mossberg 590 owner looking to enhance their firearm’s functionality.
### What is a Mossberg 590 Barrel Swap?
A **mossberg 590 barrel swap** is the process of detaching the factory-installed barrel from the receiver of a Mossberg 590 shotgun and attaching a different barrel. This can be done for various reasons, including:
* **Changing barrel length:** Shorter barrels are preferred for home defense due to their maneuverability in tight spaces, while longer barrels are often chosen for hunting or sporting clays.
* **Replacing a damaged barrel:** If a barrel is damaged due to rust, improper cleaning, or accidental impact, it may need to be replaced.
* **Adding a different choke system:** Some barrels come with interchangeable chokes, allowing users to adjust the shot pattern for different targets.
* **Converting to a different gauge:** While less common, some aftermarket options exist that allow conversion between gauges, though this is more complex than a standard barrel swap.
### Why Perform a Mossberg 590 Barrel Swap?
The primary reason to perform a **mossberg 590 barrel swap** is to customize the shotgun for specific needs. A shorter barrel improves handling in confined spaces, making it ideal for home defense. A longer barrel provides a longer sight radius and increased velocity, making it suitable for hunting and target shooting. Additionally, swapping to a barrel with interchangeable chokes allows for greater control over the shot pattern, optimizing performance for different game or targets.
### Compatibility Considerations for Mossberg 590 Barrels
Before attempting a **mossberg 590 barrel swap**, it’s crucial to ensure that the new barrel is compatible with your specific Mossberg 590 model. The Mossberg 590 series includes several variants, such as the 590, 590A1, and 590M, each with slightly different receiver dimensions and barrel attachment methods. Always verify that the barrel you intend to purchase is specifically designed for your model. Moreover, ensure that the barrel gauge matches your receiver. Using an incompatible barrel can lead to malfunctions, damage to the firearm, and potential injury.
## Selecting the Right Mossberg 590 Barrel
Choosing the correct barrel is crucial for a successful **mossberg 590 barrel swap**. Several factors need to be considered, including barrel length, choke system, and overall construction. Let’s explore these in detail:
### Barrel Length
The barrel length significantly impacts the shotgun’s handling and performance. Shorter barrels (18.5-20 inches) are more maneuverable, making them ideal for home defense and close-quarters situations. Longer barrels (24-28 inches) offer a longer sight radius, increased velocity, and tighter shot patterns, making them suitable for hunting and target shooting. Choose a barrel length that aligns with your primary intended use for the shotgun.
### Choke System
The choke system controls the spread of the shot pattern. Fixed chokes are permanently installed in the barrel, while interchangeable chokes allow you to adjust the shot pattern for different targets. Common choke types include:
* **Cylinder:** Provides the widest shot pattern, suitable for very close-range targets.
* **Improved Cylinder:** Offers a slightly tighter pattern than cylinder, suitable for general-purpose use.
* **Modified:** Provides a medium-tight pattern, suitable for medium-range targets.
* **Full:** Offers the tightest pattern, suitable for long-range targets.
If you plan to use your shotgun for a variety of purposes, a barrel with interchangeable chokes is highly recommended.
### Barrel Material and Construction
The barrel material and construction influence the shotgun’s durability and performance. Most Mossberg 590 barrels are made of steel, with some featuring chrome-lined bores for increased corrosion resistance and ease of cleaning. Consider a chrome-lined barrel if you frequently shoot in wet or humid conditions. The overall construction should be robust and well-finished to ensure reliable performance and longevity.
## Step-by-Step Guide to Performing a Mossberg 590 Barrel Swap
Performing a **mossberg 590 barrel swap** is a relatively straightforward process, but it’s crucial to follow safety precautions and proper procedures to avoid damage to the firearm or injury. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
### Safety First: Unloading and Inspecting the Firearm
1. **Ensure the Firearm is Unloaded:** This is the most important step. Point the shotgun in a safe direction, away from yourself and others. Engage the safety. Cycle the action to eject any shells from the chamber and magazine tube. Visually inspect the chamber to confirm it is empty.
2. **Double-Check:** Even after visually inspecting, run your finger along the chamber to confirm there are no shells. Never assume the firearm is unloaded.
### Disassembling the Shotgun
1. **Remove the Magazine Cap:** Locate the magazine cap at the end of the magazine tube. Turn it counterclockwise to unscrew it. Be careful, as the spring inside is under tension.
2. **Remove the Barrel:** With the magazine cap removed, the barrel should slide forward off the magazine tube. If it’s stuck, gently wiggle it back and forth while pulling forward.
3. **Remove the Forend:** The forend (the part you grip to pump the action) may need to be removed depending on the model. Some forends are attached to the barrel, while others are independent. Consult your owner’s manual for specific instructions.
### Installing the New Barrel
1. **Inspect the New Barrel:** Before installing the new barrel, inspect it for any defects or damage. Ensure that the bore is clean and free of obstructions.
2. **Slide the Barrel onto the Magazine Tube:** Align the barrel with the receiver and slide it onto the magazine tube. Ensure that the barrel is fully seated against the receiver.
3. **Reinstall the Magazine Cap:** Reinstall the magazine cap by screwing it clockwise onto the magazine tube. Tighten it securely, but avoid over-tightening.
4. **Reinstall the Forend:** If you removed the forend, reinstall it according to your owner’s manual.
### Function Check
1. **Cycle the Action:** Cycle the action several times to ensure that the shotgun functions smoothly. Check for any binding or unusual noises.
2. **Dry Fire (Safe Direction):** Point the shotgun in a safe direction and dry fire it (without ammunition) to ensure that the trigger mechanism is functioning correctly.
### Important Considerations:
* **Lubrication:** Apply a light coat of gun oil to the barrel threads and other moving parts to ensure smooth operation and prevent corrosion.
* **Proper Tools:** Use the correct tools for the job. Avoid using excessive force, as this can damage the firearm.
* **Consult a Gunsmith:** If you’re unsure about any step of the process, consult a qualified gunsmith for assistance.
## Mossberg 590 Barrel Swap: Enhancing Your Shotgun’s Performance
A **mossberg 590 barrel swap** isn’t just about changing parts; it’s about enhancing the performance and versatility of your shotgun. By carefully selecting the right barrel and performing the swap correctly, you can significantly improve your shooting experience.
### Improved Accuracy and Range
Switching to a longer barrel can improve accuracy and range, especially when shooting at distant targets. The longer sight radius and increased velocity provided by a longer barrel can make a noticeable difference in your shooting performance. Furthermore, using a barrel with the appropriate choke can tighten the shot pattern, increasing the likelihood of hitting your target.
### Enhanced Maneuverability
Conversely, swapping to a shorter barrel can enhance maneuverability, making the shotgun easier to handle in tight spaces. This is particularly beneficial for home defense, where quick and agile movements are essential. A shorter barrel also reduces the overall weight of the shotgun, making it more comfortable to carry for extended periods.
### Increased Versatility
By having multiple barrels for your Mossberg 590, you can adapt the shotgun to a wide range of shooting activities. One barrel can be set up for home defense, another for hunting, and another for target shooting. This versatility makes the Mossberg 590 a truly adaptable firearm.
## Real-World Value: The Benefits of a Mossberg 590 Barrel Swap
The real-world value of a **mossberg 590 barrel swap** lies in its ability to transform your shotgun into a highly customizable and adaptable tool. Whether you’re a homeowner seeking self-defense, a hunter pursuing game, or a sports shooter honing your skills, the ability to swap barrels opens up a world of possibilities.
### Home Defense Scenario
Imagine a scenario where you need to defend your home from an intruder. A Mossberg 590 with an 18.5-inch barrel provides excellent maneuverability in tight hallways and rooms. The shorter barrel allows you to quickly swing the shotgun and acquire your target, while the wide shot pattern of a cylinder choke increases the likelihood of hitting the intruder, even under stress. This configuration provides a significant advantage in a home defense situation.
### Hunting Scenario
Now, consider a hunting scenario where you’re pursuing waterfowl. A Mossberg 590 with a 28-inch barrel and a full choke provides the range and accuracy needed to hit distant targets. The longer barrel increases the velocity of the shot, while the full choke tightens the shot pattern, ensuring that enough pellets reach the target at long distances. This configuration maximizes your chances of a successful hunt.
### Sporting Clays Scenario
Finally, imagine a sporting clays course where you’re shooting at a variety of targets at different distances. A Mossberg 590 with a 26-inch barrel and interchangeable chokes allows you to adjust the shot pattern to match the target. You can use an improved cylinder choke for close-range targets and a modified choke for medium-range targets. This adaptability allows you to excel in a sporting clays competition.
## Mossberg 590 Barrel Review: A Critical Assessment
While the concept of a **mossberg 590 barrel swap** is straightforward, the quality and performance of the barrels themselves can vary significantly. This section provides a comprehensive review of Mossberg 590 barrels, highlighting their strengths, weaknesses, and overall value.
### User Experience and Usability
Mossberg 590 barrels are generally easy to install and remove, thanks to the shotgun’s simple design. The barrel slides onto the magazine tube and is secured with the magazine cap. However, some aftermarket barrels may require minor fitting to ensure proper alignment and function. The ease of use makes the Mossberg 590 barrel swap accessible to most gun owners.
### Performance and Effectiveness
The performance of a Mossberg 590 barrel depends on several factors, including barrel length, choke system, and ammunition. Longer barrels tend to produce higher velocities and tighter shot patterns, while shorter barrels offer improved maneuverability. The choke system plays a crucial role in controlling the spread of the shot pattern, allowing you to tailor the shotgun’s performance to specific targets.
### Pros of Mossberg 590 Barrels:
1. **Versatility:** The ability to swap barrels allows you to adapt the shotgun to a wide range of shooting activities.
2. **Ease of Installation:** The simple design makes the barrel swap process relatively easy.
3. **Availability:** Mossberg 590 barrels are readily available from a variety of retailers.
4. **Customization:** A wide range of barrel lengths and choke systems are available to suit different needs.
5. **Durability:** Mossberg 590 barrels are generally well-made and durable.
### Cons/Limitations of Mossberg 590 Barrels:
1. **Compatibility Issues:** Not all barrels are compatible with all Mossberg 590 models.
2. **Fitting Requirements:** Some aftermarket barrels may require minor fitting.
3. **Cost:** High-quality barrels can be expensive.
4. **Potential for Malfunctions:** Improper installation or use of incompatible barrels can lead to malfunctions.
### Ideal User Profile:
The Mossberg 590 barrel swap is ideal for gun owners who want to customize their shotgun for different purposes. It’s also suitable for those who need to replace a damaged barrel or upgrade their shotgun’s performance.
### Key Alternatives:
1. **Remington 870 Barrels:** Remington 870 barrels offer similar versatility and customization options.
2. **Benelli Nova Barrels:** Benelli Nova barrels are known for their high quality and performance.
### Expert Overall Verdict & Recommendation:
The Mossberg 590 barrel swap is a valuable upgrade for any Mossberg 590 owner. By carefully selecting the right barrel and following proper installation procedures, you can significantly enhance your shotgun’s performance and versatility. We highly recommend the Mossberg 590 barrel swap for those seeking to customize their shotgun for specific needs.
## Insightful Q&A: Mossberg 590 Barrel Swap
Here are some frequently asked questions about Mossberg 590 barrel swaps:
**Q1: Can I swap a Mossberg 500 barrel onto a Mossberg 590?**
A1: No, Mossberg 500 and 590 barrels are not interchangeable. The magazine tube and barrel attachment methods are different.
**Q2: What is the shortest legal barrel length for a Mossberg 590?**
A2: In the United States, the shortest legal barrel length for a shotgun is 18 inches, as regulated by the National Firearms Act (NFA). However, state and local laws may impose stricter regulations.
**Q3: Do I need to adjust the sights after a barrel swap?**
A3: It is highly recommended to re-zero your sights after performing a **mossberg 590 barrel swap**, especially if you’re using a different barrel length or choke system. This ensures that your shots are accurate.
**Q4: What tools do I need for a Mossberg 590 barrel swap?**
A4: The basic tools required are usually just your hands. A gunsmithing screwdriver set can be helpful to avoid damaging the magazine cap. Some aftermarket barrels might require specific tools for installation.
**Q5: How often should I clean my Mossberg 590 barrel?**
A5: Clean your barrel after each shooting session to remove powder residue and prevent corrosion. Regular cleaning ensures optimal performance and extends the life of the barrel.
**Q6: Can I use steel shot in any Mossberg 590 barrel?**
A6: No, not all Mossberg 590 barrels are rated for steel shot. Check the barrel markings or consult the manufacturer’s specifications to determine if it’s safe to use steel shot.
**Q7: What is the best choke for home defense with a Mossberg 590?**
A7: For home defense, a cylinder or improved cylinder choke is generally recommended. These chokes provide a wide shot pattern, increasing the likelihood of hitting the target at close range.
**Q8: Where can I find replacement barrels for my Mossberg 590?**
A8: Replacement barrels can be found at most gun stores, online retailers, and directly from Mossberg’s website.
**Q9: Can I install a rifled barrel on my Mossberg 590?**
A9: Yes, you can install a rifled barrel on your Mossberg 590. Rifled barrels are designed for shooting slugs and offer improved accuracy at longer ranges.
**Q10: How do I know if a used Mossberg 590 barrel is in good condition?**
A10: Inspect the bore for rust, pitting, or other damage. Check the threads for wear or damage. Ensure that the barrel is straight and free of dents or bulges. If possible, have a gunsmith inspect the barrel before purchasing it.
## Conclusion: Mastering the Mossberg 590 Barrel Swap
The **mossberg 590 barrel swap** is a simple yet powerful way to customize your shotgun for various applications. By understanding the factors involved in barrel selection, following proper installation procedures, and maintaining your firearm, you can unlock the full potential of your Mossberg 590. Remember, safety is paramount, and consulting a qualified gunsmith is always a good idea if you’re unsure about any aspect of the process. We’ve seen firsthand how a simple barrel swap can transform a Mossberg 590 from a general-purpose shotgun into a specialized tool perfectly suited to its owner’s needs. Share your experiences with the **mossberg 590 barrel swap** in the comments below and explore our other guides to maximize your firearm knowledge.
