First day of speech therapy activities set the stage for a successful therapy journey. This initial session is crucial for building rapport, establishing expectations, and creating a positive, supportive environment. From simple icebreakers to structured exercises, a well-planned first day can empower children and lay the groundwork for effective communication development. It’s all about making the first impression count and fostering a love for learning.
The first day often involves a preliminary assessment to understand each child’s baseline communication skills. This information guides the development of personalized therapy plans. Interactive activities, designed to ease anxieties and encourage participation, play a key role. The emphasis is on creating a comfortable space for open communication. Thoughtful strategies for building rapport and addressing potential challenges are also essential components.
Effective tools and materials, presented in an engaging manner, further enhance the experience. A structured yet flexible session plan, incorporating clear time allotments, facilitates smooth transitions. Ultimately, the goal is to foster a positive experience that motivates children to look forward to their next therapy session.
Introduction to Speech Therapy Activities
The first day of speech therapy is a critical foundation for a successful therapeutic journey. It’s a time to build a positive connection, understand the client’s needs, and establish clear expectations. This initial session sets the stage for progress and ensures the client feels comfortable and confident in the therapy process.
First Day Activities Overview
The first day typically focuses on building rapport and familiarizing the client with the therapy environment. Activities are designed to be engaging and non-threatening, transitioning gradually to more structured exercises as comfort levels increase. The therapist’s primary goal is to create a welcoming and supportive atmosphere where the client feels safe to participate and explore their communication skills.
Common First Day Activities
Initial sessions often include icebreakers, simple communication exercises, and assessments to understand the client’s current abilities and needs. These activities allow the therapist to gain insight into the client’s communication strengths, challenges, and preferences. This information helps personalize the therapy plan for optimal results.
| Activity Type | Description | Learning Objective | Materials Needed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Icebreaker Activities | Fun and engaging activities designed to create a relaxed and positive atmosphere. These might include simple introductions, sharing personal interests, or engaging in light conversation. | Develop rapport, reduce anxiety, and encourage participation. | None, or simple prompts and conversation starters. |
| Simple Communication Exercises | Activities focusing on basic verbal and non-verbal communication. These could involve repeating words, phrases, or simple sentences, or following basic instructions. | Assess current communication skills and identify areas for improvement. | Flashcards with simple words or pictures, objects for manipulation. |
| Informal Assessments | Gathering preliminary information to understand the client’s communication strengths and weaknesses. This may include observing spontaneous language use and asking questions related to their daily communication patterns. | Establish a baseline understanding of the client’s current communication abilities. | Observation tools, note-taking materials. |
| Establishing Expectations | Clearly outlining the goals and expectations for therapy, including frequency, duration, and the overall approach. This involves active listening and ensuring the client feels understood and involved in the process. | Ensure client understanding of therapy, build trust and commitment. | Written materials, discussion prompts, and clarification tools. |
Initial Assessment and Goal Setting
Laying the groundwork for successful speech therapy involves a careful initial assessment, a crucial first step in crafting a personalized plan. This process isn’t just about identifying challenges; it’s about understanding the individual’s strengths and weaknesses, paving the way for effective interventions. We’ll explore the common methods used, the tools employed, and the vital role of establishing a baseline.A solid initial assessment is the compass guiding us through the therapy journey.
It illuminates the specific areas needing attention and sets the stage for crafting achievable goals. This initial evaluation isn’t a static snapshot; it’s a dynamic process that evolves as the client progresses.
Common Assessment Methods
Initial assessments utilize a variety of methods to gather comprehensive information about the client’s communication skills. These methods work together to paint a complete picture, helping to pinpoint the specific areas requiring support.
- Articulation Tests: These assessments evaluate the production of speech sounds, examining accuracy, consistency, and frequency of errors. Examples include standardized tests like the Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation and informal observations of sound production during spontaneous speech.
- Language Assessments: These tests evaluate receptive and expressive language skills, including vocabulary, grammar, sentence structure, and comprehension. Examples include the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals (CELF) or informal language sampling through conversation and storytelling exercises.
- Auditory Processing Assessments: These evaluations determine how effectively the client processes and understands auditory information, such as distinguishing sounds, following directions, and attending to speech. Examples include tests measuring sound discrimination and auditory comprehension, potentially supplemented by speech perception tasks.
- Oral-Motor Assessments: These evaluations assess the structures and functions of the mouth and face that contribute to speech production. They look at aspects such as tongue strength, lip movements, jaw control, and oral reflexes, with observation of the client’s ability to perform different mouth movements, potentially utilizing various oral-motor exercises.
Importance of Establishing Baseline Skills
A baseline establishes a starting point, a critical reference for tracking progress. It allows us to measure the client’s current skills and abilities, creating a clear roadmap for future improvements. This measurement provides the foundation for tailoring interventions and tracking growth.
Initial Assessment Tools and Activities
A range of tools and activities are used to gather information during the initial assessment. These vary based on the specific area of concern. The tools and activities are selected to match the specific needs and abilities of the client.
| Assessment Method | Description | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Articulation Test (e.g., Goldman-Fristoe) | Evaluates the accuracy and consistency of speech sound production. | Identifies specific speech sound errors and patterns. |
| Language Sample | Collects a sample of spontaneous speech to assess language skills. | Provides a natural context for assessing language abilities, such as vocabulary, grammar, and sentence structure. |
| Auditory Processing Tasks | Assesses the client’s ability to process and understand auditory information. | Identifies challenges in processing auditory stimuli, such as following directions or distinguishing sounds. |
| Oral-Motor Exercises | Evaluates the structures and functions of the mouth and face that contribute to speech production. | Identifies any limitations in oral-motor control, such as tongue strength or lip movement. |
Interactive Activities and Icebreakers
Making the first day of speech therapy engaging and enjoyable is crucial for setting a positive tone and fostering a comfortable learning environment. A well-designed icebreaker can immediately ease anxieties and spark enthusiasm for the upcoming activities. The key is to create a fun and inclusive atmosphere where children feel welcome and eager to participate.This section details effective icebreaker activities and interactive exercises, tailored to make the first day a success.
These activities are designed to be flexible and adaptable to suit individual student needs, encouraging participation and communication. The focus is on creating a positive experience, fostering a sense of belonging, and setting the stage for a productive therapy journey.
Creative Icebreaker Activities
Icebreakers are essential for building rapport and establishing a welcoming atmosphere. They should be short, engaging, and focused on promoting interaction and a sense of camaraderie among participants. Children should feel comfortable and excited to participate in these activities, creating a positive first impression of speech therapy.
- “Two Truths and a Lie”: Each child shares three “facts” about themselves – two true and one false. The other children guess which statement is the lie. This encourages conversation and helps children learn about each other.
- “Story Chain”: One child starts a story, then another adds a sentence, and so on. This promotes listening skills and encourages creative expression.
- “Animal Sounds”: Children take turns making animal sounds. This is a fun way to practice vocalizations and engage in playful interaction. This activity can be modified by having them act out the animal sound as well, further promoting communication.
Interactive Communication Activities
These activities should be designed to encourage active participation and communication, incorporating various sensory experiences and building upon the initial icebreakers. The activities should cater to different learning styles and encourage interaction amongst the students.
- “Picture Description”: Show a picture and have the child describe it, focusing on details and emotions. Encourage use of descriptive language and vocabulary.
- “Charades or Pictionary”: Using simple words and concepts, these activities encourage communication and comprehension, as well as acting skills.
- “Following Instructions”: Provide simple instructions (e.g., “Touch your nose, then your ears”) and have the child follow them. This helps build comprehension and auditory processing skills.
Activity Modifications
Recognizing and accommodating individual needs is vital for maximizing the effectiveness of speech therapy activities. Adapting activities to different learning styles, developmental levels, and communication preferences is crucial for success.
- Visual Aids: Use visual supports (pictures, objects) to enhance understanding and participation for children with language delays or learning differences.
- Simplified Instructions: Break down complex instructions into smaller, more manageable steps for children who may have difficulty with auditory processing or following directions.
- Alternative Participation Methods: Allow children to participate through gestures, drawing, or other non-verbal methods if verbalization is challenging. For example, use picture cards instead of asking them to describe the picture verbally.
Activity Table
| Activity | Description |
|---|---|
| Two Truths and a Lie | Children share three “facts” about themselves, two true and one false. Other children guess the lie. |
| Story Chain | One child starts a story, then another adds a sentence, and so on, promoting listening skills and creativity. |
| Animal Sounds | Children take turns making animal sounds, practicing vocalizations and engaging in playful interaction. |
| Picture Description | Describing a picture, focusing on details and emotions, encouraging use of descriptive language and vocabulary. |
| Charades/Pictionary | Encouraging communication and comprehension using simple words and concepts. |
| Following Instructions | Following simple instructions, like “Touch your nose, then your ears,” building comprehension and auditory processing skills. |
Building Rapport and Creating a Positive Environment
Establishing a warm and welcoming atmosphere is crucial on the first day of speech therapy. A positive environment fosters trust and encourages children to open up and participate fully in activities. This, in turn, sets the stage for a successful and enjoyable therapy experience. A comfortable and supportive space can significantly impact a child’s willingness to engage with the therapeutic process.
Strategies for Creating a Positive and Supportive Atmosphere
Creating a positive environment requires careful planning and execution. Children respond to a consistent and predictable approach. Emphasizing clear communication, consistent routines, and age-appropriate explanations will reduce anxiety and increase comfort levels. A safe and secure space allows children to feel comfortable taking risks and exploring new challenges without fear of judgment. This understanding of the child’s needs is critical for successful therapy.
Building Rapport with Children and Families
Building rapport with children and families is essential for effective speech therapy. Active listening, demonstrating empathy, and showing genuine interest in their perspectives will foster trust. This trust is the foundation upon which a strong therapeutic relationship is built. Addressing concerns and actively involving families in the therapy process can greatly enhance cooperation and motivation. Remember, families are vital partners in this process.
Techniques for Encouraging Active Participation and Reducing Anxiety
Encouraging active participation and reducing anxiety are key to a successful first day. Start with simple, engaging activities that build confidence. Introduce new concepts gradually, providing clear instructions and visual aids where necessary. Positive reinforcement and praise for effort, rather than solely focusing on outcomes, will motivate children to participate. Allowing choices and providing opportunities for self-expression are also helpful strategies.
Creating a supportive and inclusive environment is paramount to success.
Table of Strategies for Rapport Building
| Strategy | Description | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| Warm Welcome | Greet children and families warmly with a smile and engaging introduction. Establish a friendly tone from the start. | Creates a welcoming and positive first impression, setting a comfortable tone for the session. |
| Active Listening | Pay close attention to what children and families are saying, both verbally and nonverbally. Show empathy and understanding. | Demonstrates respect and value, fostering trust and a sense of collaboration. |
| Age-Appropriate Activities | Choose activities that are engaging and appropriate for the child’s developmental stage and interests. Use a variety of materials and methods to keep things interesting. | Maintains engagement and prevents frustration, increasing motivation and participation. |
| Positive Reinforcement | Acknowledge and praise effort and participation, rather than just focusing on outcomes. Use encouraging words and gestures. | Builds confidence, reinforces positive behaviors, and motivates continued engagement. |
| Clear Communication | Provide clear and concise instructions, using simple language and visual aids when necessary. Ensure everyone understands the activity’s purpose and expectations. | Reduces confusion and anxiety, promotes understanding, and enhances participation. |
Simple Communication Exercises: First Day Of Speech Therapy Activities
Laying the groundwork for effective communication is crucial on the first day of speech therapy. These exercises are carefully selected to build a foundation of comfort and engagement, while gently introducing key concepts and skills. A positive and encouraging environment is paramount, and these exercises aim to foster that environment from the outset.
Rationale for Selected Exercises
The exercises chosen prioritize simplicity and accessibility. They focus on foundational communication skills, such as verbalizing simple words, phrases, and repeating sounds. The goal is not to achieve mastery, but to create a positive experience that encourages continued participation and motivates the client to continue. The exercises are carefully designed to build confidence and promote a sense of accomplishment, laying a strong foundation for more complex tasks in future sessions.
Communication Exercises for the First Day
These exercises are designed to be engaging and fun, fostering a positive and encouraging atmosphere from the very beginning. Remember, the focus is on building rapport and positive experiences, not on achieving complex results.
- Echoing Sounds and Words: The therapist says a simple word or sound, and the client repeats it. This exercise builds auditory processing and reinforces the relationship between sound and meaning. Examples include “ba,” “ma,” “dog,” “cat.” Modifications for different communication levels could include using visual aids, or providing hand gestures that correlate with the sounds or words.
- Picture Description: The therapist shows a simple picture, and the client describes what they see. This exercise encourages expressive language skills, and promotes the link between visual stimuli and verbal expression. Examples include a picture of a happy face, a dog playing, a cat eating.
- Following Simple Instructions: The therapist gives simple instructions, and the client follows them. This exercise helps to establish comprehension and receptive language skills. Examples include “touch your nose,” “clap your hands,” “point to the ball.”
- Gestural Communication: The therapist uses gestures to communicate a simple concept, and the client interprets it and responds with words. This helps bridge the gap between non-verbal and verbal communication. Examples could be using hand gestures for “come here,” “sit down,” or “give me that.”
Modifying Exercises for Different Communication Levels
Adapting exercises for various communication levels is crucial for success. For clients with lower communication levels, the exercises can be simplified to involve single words or simple gestures. For those with higher levels, the exercises can be expanded to include more complex vocabulary, sentences, or detailed descriptions.
| Exercise | Description | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Echoing Sounds and Words | Client repeats sounds or words said by the therapist. | Develops auditory processing and reinforces sound-meaning connection. |
| Picture Description | Client describes a picture presented by the therapist. | Encourages expressive language and links visual stimuli with verbal expression. |
| Following Simple Instructions | Client follows instructions given by the therapist. | Develops comprehension and receptive language skills. |
| Gestural Communication | Therapist uses gestures to communicate, and the client interprets and responds. | Bridges the gap between non-verbal and verbal communication. |
Introduction to Therapy Tools and Materials
Introducing therapy tools and materials is a crucial first step in building a positive and productive therapeutic environment. It’s not just about handing over an object; it’s about sparking curiosity and understanding, setting the stage for successful engagement and learning. A well-structured introduction can turn a potentially daunting task into an exciting adventure, encouraging children to actively participate and explore.Explaining the purpose and function of each tool is paramount.
It fosters a sense of ownership and understanding, allowing children to actively use the tools and materials rather than passively accepting them. This proactive approach empowers children and builds trust with the therapist, establishing a strong foundation for the therapeutic process. Knowing
- why* they’re using something is often more valuable than just
- how* to use it.
Introducing Therapy Tools in a Fun and Engaging Manner
A playful and engaging approach is key. Instead of simply presenting a tool, consider incorporating storytelling, demonstrations, or interactive games. For example, a tool like a weighted blanket could be introduced as a magical “comfort cloud” that helps to calm and soothe, rather than simply as a piece of fabric. This approach fosters a sense of wonder and excitement, making the therapy experience more enjoyable and less intimidating.
Detailed Introduction Example: The “Sound Catcher”
Imagine a therapy tool called the “Sound Catcher.” It’s a simple, colorful funnel that children can use to collect and manipulate sounds. Instead of just presenting it, begin by creating a playful environment. Ask children if they know what makes sounds and if they can find sounds around the room. Once they’ve identified some sounds, introduce the Sound Catcher as a tool to capture and explore those sounds in a new way.
Explain how the funnel focuses the sounds, making them louder or changing their quality. Use playful language and encourage them to experiment, perhaps having them make different sounds and see how the funnel changes them. This interactive approach will pique their interest and make the introduction memorable.
Tool Introduction Table
| Tool | Purpose | Description | Demonstrations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sound Catcher | To focus and amplify sounds; develop auditory awareness and discrimination | A colorful, child-friendly funnel. | Show how different sounds (whispers, clapping, tapping) are amplified. Demonstrate how changing the angle of the funnel affects the sound. Encourage children to experiment with different sounds. |
| Weighted Blanket | To promote relaxation and reduce anxiety | A blanket with weighted material that provides a calming pressure sensation. | Demonstrate the sensation of the weighted blanket by gently placing it over the child’s body and encouraging them to describe the feeling. Encourage them to lie on it and discuss their feelings. |
| Play-Doh | Develop fine motor skills, creativity, and problem-solving skills | A pliable modeling clay. | Demonstrate various shapes and textures Play-Doh can create. Encourage children to experiment with different colors and textures. Show how Play-Doh can be used to solve problems or create stories. |
| Puzzles | Improve cognitive skills, problem-solving, and spatial reasoning | Various puzzles with different levels of complexity. | Demonstrate how to put a simple puzzle together. Explain the importance of problem-solving in figuring out the correct pieces. |
Developing a Plan for Continued Engagement
Building lasting enthusiasm for speech therapy is key to a child’s success. It’s not just about the session itself, but about fostering a positive outlook and a desire to learn and grow. Creating a plan that keeps the child engaged and eager for future sessions is a significant factor in achieving long-term progress.
Strategies for Maintaining Engagement, First day of speech therapy activities
A consistent approach is vital for maintaining engagement. This involves a combination of structured activities, interactive elements, and thoughtful reinforcement. A predictable schedule, incorporating familiar and engaging components, creates a sense of security and anticipation. This predictability also helps the child feel more in control of the therapy process.
- Varying Activities: A mix of familiar and novel activities helps to prevent boredom. Introducing new games or techniques, while still building on previously mastered skills, can keep the session fresh and exciting. For example, a child who enjoys puzzles can transition to more complex puzzles that challenge their problem-solving skills, or a child who loves art can work on projects that combine speech production with artistic expression.
- Incorporating Rewards: Positive reinforcement is a powerful motivator. Small, tangible rewards, like stickers or small toys, can be given for successful completion of tasks. Non-tangible rewards like verbal praise and recognition for effort also play a significant role in boosting confidence and motivation.
- Interactive Games and Storytelling: Interactive games and stories can transform therapy into an engaging experience. Games that involve speech and language skills, like charades or storytelling activities, make learning fun and encourage active participation. Storytelling can also be an avenue to use a child’s favorite characters or narratives to reinforce desired language patterns and skills.
Encouraging Anticipation for Future Sessions
Making the child look forward to the next session is a critical part of the plan. Building excitement and positive associations with speech therapy sessions can lead to increased cooperation and a more proactive approach to therapy.
- Creating a Routine: Establishing a consistent routine and a welcoming atmosphere helps the child feel comfortable and prepared for each session. Using the same toys, materials, or a set seating arrangement can create a sense of familiarity. This also reinforces that the child is a valued participant in the process.
- Positive Feedback and Celebration: Acknowledge and celebrate progress, no matter how small. Emphasize the effort and the improvement made, rather than just the outcome. A child who sees progress being recognized and appreciated will feel empowered and motivated to continue improving.
- Sharing Success Stories: Share success stories with the child and their family. These stories can be examples of other children who have achieved similar milestones or personal accounts of success within the child’s own therapy journey. This helps create a sense of community and understanding.
Providing Positive Reinforcement and Celebrating Progress
Positive reinforcement is crucial for building confidence and motivation. Celebrate successes, no matter how small, to keep the child engaged and motivated.
| Strategy | Description | Expected Outcome |
|---|---|---|
| Verbal Praise | Offer specific and encouraging words of praise for efforts and achievements. | Increased confidence, motivation, and positive association with speech therapy. |
| Tangible Rewards | Provide small, age-appropriate rewards for accomplishments. | Reinforcement of desired behaviors and positive reinforcement for progress. |
| Visual Recognition | Use visual aids like charts or stickers to track progress. | Motivation to continue improving and a tangible representation of achievements. |
Example First-Day Session Structure
A successful first session sets the stage for a positive and productive therapy journey. This structure prioritizes building rapport, introducing key concepts, and gradually incorporating practical exercises. It’s designed to be adaptable, allowing for adjustments based on the client’s needs and progress.A well-structured first session allows the therapist to understand the client’s unique communication needs and build a foundation for long-term progress.
Flexibility is crucial, as each individual learns and responds differently. The session should feel comfortable and empowering, not overwhelming or daunting.
Session Flow and Timing
This structure emphasizes a gradual introduction to speech therapy, starting with engaging icebreakers and progressing towards more focused exercises. The flexibility inherent in this framework allows for adjustments based on the client’s response and engagement.
| Time Allotment | Activity | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 5-10 minutes | Welcome and Icebreaker | A fun, lighthearted activity to put the client at ease and start building rapport. This could involve simple games, introductions, or sharing fun facts. Crucially, this sets a friendly tone and helps establish a connection. |
| 10-15 minutes | Initial Assessment and Goal Setting | A brief, informal assessment of the client’s current communication skills. This allows the therapist to gauge their strengths and weaknesses, and establish achievable goals for the session and beyond. The therapist collaborates with the client to ensure goals are meaningful and motivating. |
| 15-20 minutes | Interactive Activities and Simple Communication Exercises | Engaging activities, like picture description tasks or simple sound production exercises, are used to encourage active participation and build confidence. The focus is on making the experience enjoyable and fostering a sense of accomplishment. |
| 10-15 minutes | Introduction to Therapy Tools and Materials | A brief demonstration of the therapy tools and materials, highlighting their purpose and use. This is a great opportunity to make the client feel informed and involved in their own treatment. |
| 5-10 minutes | Developing a Plan for Continued Engagement | Summarizing the session, outlining next steps, and providing a clear path for continued practice at home. This involves explaining homework assignments, providing encouragement, and setting expectations for the next session. |
| 5 minutes | Closing and Feedback | Concluding the session with a positive reflection on the client’s progress and achievements. Collecting feedback from the client on their experience is important for tailoring future sessions. |
Importance of Flexibility
A flexible approach allows the therapist to adapt the session based on the client’s needs and responses. If an activity isn’t engaging, it can be altered or replaced. The goal is always to create a positive and productive experience. If a client demonstrates a strong interest in a particular topic, the session can be adjusted to incorporate that interest, increasing motivation and engagement.
Monitoring the client’s energy levels and adjusting the pace are also essential.
Addressing Potential Challenges
Navigating the first day of speech therapy can be a delicate dance, filled with both excitement and potential hurdles. A smooth start fosters a positive experience, building confidence and motivation. Anticipating potential challenges allows therapists to proactively address them, creating a welcoming and supportive environment for the client.Understanding that every individual is unique, with varying levels of comfort and experience, is crucial.
Successfully navigating the first day hinges on anticipating potential obstacles and developing strategies to overcome them, thus setting the stage for a positive and productive therapeutic journey.
Common First-Day Challenges
Successfully managing the first day of speech therapy requires understanding and preparation. Common challenges include anxiety, shyness, and difficulty adapting to a new environment. These are often accompanied by feelings of uncertainty, self-consciousness, or even a reluctance to participate. These are perfectly normal responses, and addressing them early sets a positive tone for subsequent sessions.
Strategies for Addressing Challenges
Creating a supportive and engaging environment is key to mitigating anxiety and building rapport. A welcoming atmosphere, combined with clear communication and well-structured activities, can make a significant difference. A patient-centered approach, with tailored activities and tools, will help clients feel comfortable and empowered. Emphasizing the positive aspects of therapy, while respecting the client’s individual pace, is critical.
- Establishing a safe space: Creating a safe and non-judgmental environment is paramount. This involves actively listening to the client’s concerns, validating their feelings, and fostering a sense of trust. Explaining the purpose of the session and outlining the expected activities in advance helps manage anticipatory anxiety. Using positive reinforcement and validating the client’s efforts during the sessions can also reduce anxiety.
- Adapting to individual needs: Recognizing and accommodating individual differences in learning styles and communication preferences is essential. This may involve altering the session structure, using different therapy tools, or modifying the pace of activities to match the client’s comfort level. This tailoring is not just about accommodating the client; it is about creating a therapeutic environment that resonates with the client, making them feel valued and understood.
- Building rapport and creating a positive environment: Establishing a connection with the client is vital. This involves active listening, empathetic communication, and creating a supportive environment. Humor, creativity, and the use of appropriate, non-intrusive therapeutic games can foster a positive connection. The goal is to make the client feel comfortable and empowered to engage fully.
Adapting to Individual Needs
Tailoring the therapy to the individual is paramount. This includes understanding the client’s learning style, communication preferences, and comfort level. Flexibility in approach and activities allows the therapist to adjust and adapt the session to maximize engagement and effectiveness. Creating a personalized experience is crucial for successful therapy.
| Challenge | Solution |
|---|---|
| Client anxiety | Create a safe and supportive environment, explain activities clearly, use positive reinforcement, and address concerns directly. |
| Client shyness | Build rapport through engaging activities, create a comfortable atmosphere, and offer encouragement. |
| Difficulty adapting to new environment | Explain the therapy process, demonstrate activities, and incorporate familiar elements. |
| Resistance to participation | Start with simple, engaging activities, emphasize the positive aspects of therapy, and tailor activities to individual preferences. |
